2017蒙古導游詞4篇
（行車途中）
各位朋友、女士們、先生們：
大家一路辛苦了，現在各位已經到達了塞外名城呼和浩特，古語說得好，“有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎？”在此，我代表內蒙古旅行社的全體員工對大家的到來表示最熱烈的歡迎，歡迎你們來美麗的內蒙古做客，愿美麗的草原給您留下一個深刻的印象！
我們今天參觀的昭君墓，蒙古語為特木爾。烏虎兒，位于呼和浩特南郊9公里處的大黑河畔。現在的昭君墓是70年代重新修筑的，占地面積3.3公頃，墓高33米，墓身呈臺體狀，墓頂建有一座涼亭，是一座人工夯筑的大王丘，是昭君的衣裳冠墓。每年秋季，樹葉枯黃時，昭君墓上依然草木青青所以人們又稱這為“青冢”。墓地東側是歷代名人為昭君墓題寫的碑文，西側是文物陳列室。登上墓頂，我們會看到連綿不斷的陰山山脈橫貫東西，也會欣賞到呼和浩特市全景。
很多朋友都或多或少地知道王昭君的故事，都知道這位奇女子是中國古代四大美女之一.歷史上把這四大美女分別比喻成沉魚\落雁\閉月、羞花，她們分別指的是誰呢？噢，陳先生說得對，“沉魚”指的西施，“閉月”代表的是貂蟬，“羞花”暗喻的是楊貴妃，而落雁呢，指的就是王昭君，為什么叫“落雁”呢？說起來，還有一個小小的典故呢！傳說昭君出塞路途中，遇到遠歸的大雁，大雁看到如此美貌的女子，驚呆了，忘記了飛翔，于是，從空中掉了下來，因此昭君有了“落雁”的美稱。
比起其他3位美女來，昭君不僅美而且她的也塞在中國歷史上有著極為重要的作用。王昭君，名嬙，西漢南郡秭歸肯人氏，就是現在湖北省秭歸縣。西漢元帝時，昭君以“良家子選入掖庭”，所謂“良家子”，指的不是醫、巫、商賈、百工出身。“掖庭”就是后宮，昭君入掖庭后級別是“待詔”，“待”是等待的待，“詔”是言旁加一個召見的召，由面上理解，她的地位是比較低的。史書記載，昭君“入宮數歲，不得見御，積悲怨”。
這位小姐問，王昭君既然是中國古代四大美女之一，為什么沒有得到皇帝的寵幸呢？關于這一點還有一段傳說呢！
相傳漢宮畫師毛延壽給后宮美女畫像，元帝通過畫像選召宮女，對一般宮女來說，她們入后宮后最大的心愿就是得到皇上的恩典，在后宮爭得“三千寵愛集于一身”的優勢，因此她們紛紛用財物賄賂毛延壽，請他們把自己畫漂亮些。毛畫師受人吹捧慣了，而昭君對這種不正之風深有不滿，沒有賄賂毛延壽。于是，畫師便在昭君畫像的眼角底下點了一顆“傷夫落淚痣”，大家可別小看這顆痣，在多年前的封建觀念中，人們認為有這種痣的女人是丈夫的克星，作為封建君主，當然不可能寵幸這樣的女子了。這樣，昭君便沒有機會受寵了。但是，當漢元帝看到昭君本人，發現她并沒有那顆“傷夫落淚痣”時，追悔莫及，可惜一切已成定局，無法挽回，只好作罷，其實，這只是一段流傳甚廣的傳說罷了。
公元前33年，昭君為了漢匈兩族的團結友好，請求出行，充當漢族的“和親使者”，出嫁到塞北，戶負起進行交給她的為鞏固和加強漢匈兩族團結友好的重大政治使命，為民族友好作出了杰出貢獻。在歷史上出塞和親的女子比比皆是，而且大多是位高身貴的宗教室公主，但是，她們的事跡，絕大多數湮沒在歷史的長河中。
大家都知道昭君的丈夫是匈奴首領呼韓邪單于，單于就是“王”的意思，那么昭君怎么樣從一個漢宮宮女變成匈奴的閼氏呢？
這里要從匈奴這一部落說起。匈奴是游牧在蒙古高原最早的少數民族，它是古葷粥（xūn yù）即嚴狁（xiǎn yǚn）的后裔，秦漢初之際，匈奴首領冒頓單于統一各部，統一大漠南北廣大地區。漢初，不斷騷擾漢朝北部邊界一帶。由于當時西漢政權初建，國力微弱，再加上“異姓諸王”努力的存在，中央集權還沒有鞏固，不足以和匈奴對抗。公元前200年，高誼劉邦，發兵30多萬抗擊匈奴，不想被匈奴40萬精兵圍困在平城白登陸山，就是今天山西省大同市郊外，長達7天7夜，這就是歷史上有名的“白登山之圍”。面對困境，劉邦采納謀士陳平的計策，向單于的瘀氏，就是妻子，賄賂珠寶，才得以逃脫。
白登山之圍后，劉邦派劉敬前往匈奴去結和親之紙，在此后的六七十年間，和親成為漢朝對待匈奴的一種政策。
漢武帝時期，國力充實到足以抗拒匈奴的時候，便開始采取積極的戰爭方針對抗匈奴，公元前133年和前121年兩次決定性的出擊，使匈奴大敗而歸。張騫出使西域后，西域各國紛紛歸附西漢，共同攻擊匈奴。而在匈奴貴族集團內部為爭奪“單于”這個最高的統治權力，出現了分裂與內訌，最終分裂為南北匈奴兩去，就是“郅支單于”和“呼韓邪單于”。呼韓邪單于和政敵爭壓最高統治權，兩次被近出走。面對這樣的局面和困境，呼韓邪單于想到了如果依靠漢朝中央政府的幫助，也許能給自己打出一條政治出路，平定郅支，統一匈奴，扭轉局面，但是，等到漢朝消滅了郅支單于之后，呼韓邪單于下場就像郅支單于一樣局勢促使他進一步倒向漢朝。于是，從公元前49年開始，呼韓邪單于先后三次入漢韓，求見元帝，表示“愿婿漢室以自親”，得到元帝恩準。元帝將后宮待詔王昭君許配給呼韓邪單于為妻，封號“寧胡瘀氏”，于是就有了千古美談“昭君出塞”。
“昭君出塞”這一歷史事件在漢匈關系上起到了積極的作用，它結束了漢匈兩族159多年的敵對狀態，把深受戰爭煎熬折磨的兩族人民從戰爭的火坑里挽救出來，使兩族轉入和平友好的關系。政治方面，匈奴接受漢朝中央政權的領導，打破了舊的歷史格局，促成了塞北與中原的統一。而在經濟文化方面，漢匈“關市”暢通，促進交流，匈奴人從漢人那里學會了計算和登記的方法，還學會了建筑和打井；漢族文化也同樣受到了匈奴文化的影響，比如漢朝政府和民間養馬業的空前發達，就和匈奴馬匹的大量輸入，養馬技術的傳授分不開。
對于兩族的人民，和平就是一切，昭君出塞，單于附漢為他們帶來了和平與富足。《漢書》記載“邊城晏閉，牛馬布野，三世無犬呔之警，黎庶無干戈之役，”這段話為我們描繪了一幅百姓安居樂業，生產發展的幸福圖景。
所以，用歷史唯特主義的觀點看待這一歷史事件，就是它順應了時代發展的趨勢，反映了人民和平安定的愿望，推動了社會生產的發展，緩和并穩定了民族關系，在兩千年的封建社會中， 這不失為一種明智之舉。
各位團友，現今昭君墓已經成為內蒙古一處重要文物古跡和人們來到達呼和浩特必游的景點，對于今天的人們，用翦伯贊老先生的話來說是最恰當的，那就是：“王昭君已不再是一個人物，而是民族友好的象征；昭君墓也不再是一座墳墓，它是一座民族友好的紀念塔”。
女士們、先生們，昭君墓馬上就要到了，就讓我們一齊去參觀這座民族友好的紀念塔吧！
（雕像前）
各位團友，我們面前的這座雕像就是王昭君和呼韓邪單于，大家請看，王昭君溫柔秀麗，柔中帶剛；呼韓邪單于威武粗獷，具有北方少數民族特有的豪爽氣質。這尊雕像的下面刻有蒙漢兩種文的“和親”，再請各位看看，昭君夫婦并騎的馬頭是朝什么方向呢？對這位團好猜對了，是西方，為什么朝西方呢？大家能想出來嗎？原來這和昭君出塞的路線有關，公元前33年他們是從長安出發向西行至甘肅省慶陽縣，然后經陜西榆林，內蒙東勝、杭錦旗、包頭市，向漠北方向去了，所以從西安出發向西走，馬頭當然朝西了。好，大家可以在這里拍拍照。
（石碑前）
各位團友，這幅碑文是1963年董必武老先生參觀昭君墓時寫的，全詩為“昭君自有千秋在，胡漢和親識見高。詞客各抒胸臆懣，舞文弄墨總徒勞。”兩千多年來，許多文人墨客著書立說發表自己對人生的政治的見解，其中也有一些文人對昭君出塞有消極的看法，面對眾說紛壇，董老毅然站在歷史唯物主義的歷史價值與意義，肯定了昭君人微言輕和親使者的功勞。在當時的歷史條件下，“和親”是明智之舉，它對于當時社會的發展和安定起到了決定性的作用，順應了時代發展趨勢。文人墨客的惜古哀怨的詩句是徒勞無功的，因為歷史是不可抹殺的，在社會主義中國的民族大家庭中，昭君的“千秋”不權有存在的價值，而且影響范圍越來越廣，它符合了人類社會和平與發展的主題，使我們更加珍惜今天和平安定的環境。
（昭君墓前）
女士們、先生們，我們面對的這座大土丘就是昭君墓，最早見于唐代的記載。相傳，昭君死后，漢匈人民都非常悲痛，紛紛趕來送葬，人們用衣裳襟包著土，一包一包地填在她的墳上；由于送葬的人成千上萬，絡繹不絕，每個人都想多捧幾包土寄托自己的哀思，所以到最后竟壘成了一座形似小山的墳墓。內蒙古的昭君墓有若干個，而這座是真正的昭君墓，為什么會有那么多昭君墓呢？因為昭君給人民帶來和平，人民愛戴她，很多人都愿意她埋葬在自己的家鄉，也有的人認為她是仙女下凡，叫她“昭君娘娘”，附近的百姓都認為，在昭君墓前許愿是十分靈驗的，傳說，一對青年夫婦久婚不育，于是便在這里許了愿并且住了一夜，第二年便有了健康的小寶寶。女士們、先生們，就讓我們也在這里許個愿吧！愿民族團結，國家富強。
大家可能要問，王昭君真的葬在這里嗎？事實上這只是昭君的衣裳冠墓，因為古代北方少數民族貴族死后都采取秘密下葬的方式，墓不立碑，似若不地。其實，昭君埋葬在哪里并不重要。重要的是她為人民的和平作出了貢獻。現在大家看，墓中間刻有“青冢”二，“青冢”就是綠色的墳墓，是昭群墓的別稱，因為每年秋季，附近的樹都已枯黃，而昭君墓四周卻依然綠草青青，所以又稱“青冢”。好了，女士們、先生們，昭君墓就為您介紹到這里，如果您還有什么問題，我們可以講座一下，如果沒有問題，大家可以自由活動，四十分鐘后在車門口集合，謝謝各位。
阿爾山·內蒙古圣水節蘊涵著濃郁的民族風情和神秘的宗教色彩。祖國各地、俄羅斯、美國等國家數千名賓客來此旅游觀光。中國佛教協會理事、內蒙古佛教協會理事長席力圖呼圖克圖第11世活佛卡爾文·扎木蘇，北京雍和宮副主持、藏傳佛教高僧大德拉喜仁勤主持祭敖包、祭圣泉活動。整個活動異彩紛呈，阿爾山在每位賓客的心中都留下美好回憶。
每當春暖花開特別是端午節前后，海拉爾、烏蘭毛都、蒙古國和俄羅斯的牧民朝圣一般從千百里外趕到阿爾山，洗浴飲用礦泉，以求治病和吉祥。
現在又開發了溫泉游泳館，溫泉藥浴及中醫按摩，是您最美妙的享受。正在開發日本、芬蘭等世界各種洗浴方式，阿爾山成為世界溫泉洗浴中心為期不遠。
一片綠色陽光，拂去塵世煩惱。一捧神泉圣水，洗凈天下塵埃。阿爾山礦泉是大自然留給自己的最后珍藏，也是阿爾山遠古送給現代的圣潔禮物。
好了，快來沐浴溫泉吧，洗出男人的剛陽，洗出女子的嬌媚，洗出健康和美麗，洗出開朗好心情！
我們觀光的下一個景點是五里泉，距我們這里的療養院礦泉群5華里而得名。五里泉東面是雄偉的大興安嶺主脈，其它三面是長滿鮮花芳草的濕地。清晨，常有一條飛升的白霧，方圓三里纏繞著五里泉，象一條奇幻的白龍守護著五里泉，又象為五里泉披了一塊朧朦的面紗。每天清晨，居民匯集五里泉邊，一桶桶汲出清亮微甜的泉水回家，同時帶回一山的鳥鳴，帶回滿身的花草香，帶回一天的清爽。有幸還能看到幾十只野生的黃羊群來五里泉飲水。緣于千年之交的冬雪，黃羊從遙遠的蒙古國，僑居水草豐美的阿爾山，成為阿爾山人與自然和諧相處的動人風景和愛的樂章。
據中科院長春應用化學研究所、北京醫科大學衛生系中心儀器室和吉林環境水文地質研究所測定，五里泉水中富含鈣等20種人體必需的微量元素、放射性元素。1988年經國家飲用天然礦泉水技術評審組評審并報請國家地礦部批準，確認為含鋰鍶偏硅酸礦泉水。阿爾山礦泉水力爭奧運會指定飲品，爭取成為內蒙古自治區第八個全國馳名商標。揚成武將軍題“圣水奇泉”，張勃夫教授題盛贊五里泉為“天下第一奇特大奇”。據當地人介紹，阿爾山居民至今沒有一例心腦血管和癌癥患者，是否與每天飲用此泉有關呢？五里泉該是月亮沐浴的地方，沐浴了五里泉，月光才清涼如水，溫潤可人。愛慕美如水壯如山的阿爾山姑娘小伙嗎？那您也快嘗一口新汲的五里泉吧！讓清泉滑過我們的臉，滲入我們的臟腑，滋潤我們的心田。
五里泉日涌量1054噸，如果全部罐裝，每天2108000瓶，以2元計，一天涌出421.6萬元，一年涌出15億元。阿爾山全部礦泉涌量多噸，全部罐裝就是30億。這些礦泉不是金泉嗎？而涵養礦泉的大森林的價值，又豈能用億萬算得清呢？大興安嶺為北方，為整個地球貢獻的氧氣又怎能用億萬算得清呢？森林是人類的搖籃，是人類的母親啊！這時，您就會由衷地敬畏大自然，向大自然感恩，自覺保護她；就會由衷地敬佩百萬畝人工林的作者--林業工人；就會理解阿爾山市退耕還草萬畝的決心。
一會兒，我們去領略雄奇的玫瑰峰。玫瑰峰位于阿爾山市區25公里處，是一處由10余座石峰組成的山石景區，石峰大部分呈紅褐色，人稱玫瑰峰。
玫瑰峰名的由來，還真能從歷史的殘片中發現蛛絲馬跡，請各位隨我一塊尋根探源吧。各位知道，一代天驕成吉思汗是從大興安嶺起飛的英雄，但你知道嗎，成吉思汗漠北鐵騎的搖籃就是處于大興安嶺森林向草原過渡的阿爾山地區哈拉哈河上游一帶，玫瑰峰下一條軍事通道就是成吉思汗闕奕壇之戰的戰場。
1189年，28歲的鐵木真被部族推舉為汗，在蒙古高原形成了鐵木真、王罕、扎木合三足鼎立的局面。位于今呼倫貝爾地區的扎木合雖然是鐵木真的安答（伴當），但不甘心鐵木真強大起來，1201年、1202年兩次向鐵木真大舉進犯。鐵木真誘敵深入，當扎木合糾集的乃蠻聯軍進至哈拉哈河上源的闕奕壇時已疲憊不堪。乃蠻聯軍神巫祭風雪，誰料阿爾山林區風雪無常，反而轉向猛烈刮向乃蠻軍陣，雪滿溝澗，鐵木真乘勢追擊乃蠻聯軍勁旅泰赤烏部，戰斗十分激烈。正當泰赤烏部將敗之際，鐵木真脖頸中箭。被“四狗”之一的哲里麥背到一片石峰之上，哲里麥用嘴吸出毒血，又冒死到敵陣中偷取馬奶給成吉思汗解渴。鐵木真頑強地帶傷沖下山峰，贏得闕奕壇之戰的勝利。成吉思汗的鮮血染紅山石，鮮血灑在地上化作鮮紅的野玫瑰，所以人們把這座山峰稱為紅石粒子，又叫作玫瑰峰。
一位被俘的壯士對鐵木真說：“從嶺上射傷你脖頸的人是我，你讓我死，不過污染手掌般大的地。若叫我活，我愿效死命，深水可以橫斷，堅石可以沖碎”。鐵木真被壯士的坦誠和大丈夫氣度所感動，說道：“你直率相告射殺我的事，值得做終身信賴的朋友。你以后跟隨我，就叫者別吧！”者別也是后來成吉思汗的四狗之一。
闕奕壇之戰以后，鐵木真的力量才真正強大起來。他勝利后不忘宏圖大志，在哈拉河地區整頓軍隊，建立怯薛軍（護衛隊），推行軍政合一的千戶制，馴練了一支英勇無敵的漠北鐵騎。現今阿爾山背靠大興安嶺森林，面向遼闊草原的廣大地域，成為鐵木真統一蒙古高原的根據地。阿爾山玫瑰峰北的闕奕壇草原，是成吉思汗漠北鐵騎的搖籃，是成吉思汗及其子孫南下、西征、東進的力量之源。
好了，玫瑰峰的遠景已經躍入眼簾，讓我們的思緒從800年前的古戰場回到現實，一起領略玫瑰峰的雄奇之美吧！
我們從山下仰望玫瑰峰，真是形態各異，氣象萬千，遠景有一種氣勢磅礴的雄壯之美。山石有的象披甲的戰將，有的象真插云霄的寶劍，有的象嘶鳴的戰馬。它們便是當年成吉思汗橫掃天下的漠北鐵騎的軍陣嗎？山峰無語，只有盤旋飛翔的野鴿子哨出清麗的鳴叫。據說這些鴿子是侵華日軍的信鴿與本地鴿子的后代，從侵略戰爭的工具，成為歷史的見證，今天的野鴿子傳送的人與自然和諧相處的好消息從玫瑰峰中間石階向上，左側山峰幾乎呈90度直角，非常險峻。有一塊扁方的山石好象是人故意擺在里。還有一塊圓型巖石如天上飛來，好象風吹便能晃動。據說這是騰格里天點化的成吉思汗。詩人伊德爾夫慨嘆玫瑰峰：“古今是關隘，曾有巨人來，雄偉玫瑰峰，可汗點將臺。”
看！這是一尊天雕的石佛呀！他在蒙古鐵騎中宣揚佛法，倡導好生之德嗎？您還真是猜對了，后來的蒙古人信奉的喇嘛教就是藏傳佛教。英雄的蒙古民族，對自然非常敬畏，對朋友非常坦誠，心地象絲綢一樣柔軟。摸一摸石佛會讓你心胸開闊，帶來好運氣。石佛后面是一只神龜，傳說石佛就是騎乘神龜來到這里，它正在自得地享用清涼的露水。
請看這組石景，那是美麗的孛兒帖夫人為出征的成吉思汗系上戰袍，成吉思汗親吻妻子光潔的額頭，擁在一起，耳語中殷勤叮嚀。夫人身后就是象征蒙古戰旗的神茅--蘇魯德。這里是攝影留念的最佳角度。這位抱臂而立的就是營救成吉思汗的哲里麥。哲里麥是圣主成吉思汗的四狗之一，騰格里天把他封為神狗，點化為石，猛將神狗，兩石相襯，傳揚著哲里麥的忠直勇猛。
好了，請大家自己去體味凌峰望遠的感覺吧。看云卷云舒，看飛鳥旋空，看田野麥浪，看遠山凝煙。從這里還有兩條火山石鋪就的石階，請各位從這里下山，細細品味步移景換，神妙無比的自然石景吧。
玫瑰峰下的林中木屋名叫玫瑰莊園，體現出林區風情，與自然景觀融為一體。過玫瑰峰向北走不到1公里，還有兩處俊美的奇峰異嶺，遙遠的神秘，迷離的傳說誘惑逗引著您。中間的石峰叫折箭嶺。成吉思汗的祖先阿蘭果火孀居，幾個兒子不和心。老夫人拿出箭讓兒子折，每人一枝都輕松折斷了。阿蘭果火夫人把箭捆在一起，令兒子們折斷，結果誰也不行。夫人說，要有所作為必須兄弟一心，象箭一樣緊緊捆在一起。她的后代尊崇祖訓，眾志成城，英雄輩出，由成吉思汗帶出一個英雄的蒙古民族。今天，我們面對世界，不正需要這種緊密團結的民族精神嗎？最北側的一組石峰叫神箭峰，據說這里就是成吉思汗收服者別的地方。有成吉思汗這種草原般胸懷的英雄，才欣賞者別這樣的勇士，才能在歷史上刮起剽悍的草原旋風。今天，我們更需要這種坦蕩和誠信。其實，在草原上，在大山里，人就會變得坦蕩起來。
驅車90公里暢游阿爾山國家森林公園，欣賞天池神韻、石塘奇觀，沿著哈拉哈河谷，走進阿爾山多情撩人的夏季。
九龍灣位于卓資縣西北部，在旗下營鎮和紅如鄉境內，南距京包鐵路僅6公里，西距呼和浩特30公里，東距集寧市110公里。九龍灣蜿蜒曲折，因其自然形態宛如九條龍橫臥在大青山間而得名。
九龍灣全長15公里，寬約7公里，面積約100平方公里，屬大青山分支。九龍灣旅游區以其山、溪、瀑、泉而著稱。這里山崖陡峭，郁郁蔥蔥的樺樹林將大山裝點得分外妖嬈。剛勁挺拔的松柏體現了大山的精神，清澈透明的泉水遍布山林，四季長流，匯成小河穿山而瀉。良好的生態環境，使九龍灣水草豐茂，牛羊成群。同時也成為山禽野獸的棲息地，狐貍、狍子、獾子、青羊、羚羊、猞猁、鹿等名貴動物經常也沒在山間。滿山遍野的山杏、山桃、黃花、蕨菜、油蘋蘋、面果果、林檎檎、酸麻子、山黑棗等野菜野果，可使旅游者大飽品福盡情享受。
九龍灣旅游區名勝景點多達20多處，其中最有名的是龍泉潭，最奇特的是榆樹石，最陡峭的山是青羊圈山，最神秘的洞為密汁洞，最古老的廟為召廟。九龍灣以層層疊疊的森林為背景，以懸崖滅壁為屏障，以奇花、異草、泉水、瀑布、山溪為點綴，構成一幅半觀的“塞外桂林”景色。其中，大青山五梁之一的神水梁上，有一神水暖泉座落在樺林與松林間每年家歷五月十三牧民們都要來此取水、祭敖包。相傳喝了“神水”，可保四季平安，延年益壽。九龍灣旅游區由五房子頂、青羊圈山、神水梁、五塔亥、召廟灣、自然草場和人工養鹿場等幾部分組成。近年來，隨著旅游事業的不斷發展，九龍灣增設了蒙古包、游泳池、餐廳、客房、小賣部等服務設施，成為旅游業的后起之秀。
原始森林和現代旅游設施的完美結合，使九龍灣成為新的旅游熱點，每到夏秋季，大批游客都要來這里領略大自然的風光，體驗牧人的生活。
Lady and Genlenmen:
Welcome to HunLunbeier Grassland! First of all ， I’d like to tell you why People call this bdautiful grassland Hulunbeier grassland. There is a moving legend behind it .A long ,long time ago there lived a couple of lovers on the grassland. The girl was a Hu lun .The boy was Bei Er. One day a demon chief called Mang Gusi abducted HuLun and dried up the grassland .The grass withered and yellowed and domestic animals died one after another.In order to save the grassland and Hu Lun ,BeiEr traved a great distance on foot ,chasing after Mang Gasi day and night .Finally ,he fainted from exhaustion. In his weakened state ,he dreamt that the demon chief had magically turned Hu Lu,Bei Er traveled a great distance on foot ,chasing after Mang Gasi day and night .Finally ,he fainted from exhaustion.In his weakened state ,he dreamt that the demon chief had magically turned Hu Lun into a flower which was and suffering from the windy dream in front of him .He immediately watered the flower and broke the spell .Hu Lun changed back into her former self .But the demon chief would not give up .He immediately watered the flower and broke the spell .Hu Lun changed back in to her former self. But the demon chief would not give up .He seized Hu Lun and took her away again .Hu Lun racked her brain for a way to escape .She succeeded in getting hold of the magic pearl on the demon chief`s head .On swallowing the pearl Hu Lun turned into a lake. In the meantime BeiEr had killed all of the other demons ,but failed to find Hu Lun. Heartbroken, Bei Er jumped in to a lake to kill himself.All of a sudden the earth split open and formed two lakes ,Hu Lun lake and Bei Er Lake, with the Wilson River closely connecting them .Later,people living on the grassland named the land hulunbeier Grassland in momory of them .
HuLunbeier covers an area of 250.557 square kilometers,with a totel population of 2.66 million. The Mongolian natiality is the dominant ethic group, and 35 other nationlities,such as Dawoer, Ewenke, Elunchun, Han, Manchu, Russian, etc. live in harmony with them on the grassland. Hunlunbeier is called “green and clean land” because it is relatively free of pollution.
(Entering the grassland)
Now we’resetting foot on Hunlunbeier Grassland. All of us have escaped from the city and its clamour and entered a place like a dreamland,Look! The grassland looks like asoft, green cerpet, Nowyou can enjoy the beautiful scenery in the distance; numeros kinds of wild flowers are in bloom, and wisps of smoke are rising continuously from the yurta scattered on the grassland. When the gentle breeze brushes against the grass, herds of horses and cattle and flock of sheep seem to be drifting from here ro there. What a beautiful picture!
(Visiting a yurt)
This is the yurt we saw from the bus just now. Look!The host and his family have come out of the to greet us. Of couse, this is not an arranged reception, to be sure. But before we enter the yurt, I’dlike to make a brief introduction on the folk costoms here. No matter which yurt you happen to visit, you will finethat on hesring your footsteps the Mongolian people will extend a warm welcome outsite the yurt, to do justice to their reputed hospitality. When greeting you, they will put their hands against their chests and bow slightly. With a “how do you do,” They invite their guestsin. Male guests are invited to sit on the left and female on the right, while host sits in midle. The moment you take your seats, your host will have milk tea and various kinds of milk products pleaced in front of you . After a white, you will most probably probabyly be asked to help yourself to a special course called “shouba lamd.” As a way of showing respct to his distinguished guest, your hast will prsent you with a “hada”( a piece of silk used as a greeting gift), Together with a cup of lacal wine. Mongolians are well known for theirtalent in singing and dancing.Their beautiful songs are as entertaining and pleasant as the blue sky, white clouds ,greengrass and fresh flowers ,In folk culture, there is a saying that a feast is not a true feast without the company of songs. Every person in the grassland ,man or woman ,old or young ,can sing folk songs. When proposing toasts to their guests, they will show their hospitality by singing folksongs and playing special fiddles. The Mongolian people have lived on the vast grassland for a long time, and they have refined their talent for sing and dancing .You can not only please your eyes with their traditional ethnic dancing but also with their mondern ones featuring merry rhythms and vigorous steps.Now let`s enter the yurt and take advantage of this opportunity to be guests in a Mongolian herdsman`s home.
(Stepping out of the yurt)
Under the blue sky and white clouds, you will see a vivid picture of flocks of sheep and herds of cattle, galloping horses and skillful herdsen on horseback brandishing horsewhips. Do you want to go for a ride ? If you are skilled at riding ,why not ride a Mongolian horse for a while or wander about on camelback?If you are afraid of riding horses or camels,never mind .You still can enjoy the nomandic life by taking a special Mongolian vehicle called a “Lele”.
(Briefing on the physique of Mongolians)
Now you have had a look at the grassland with your own eyes, but did you noticed that the Mongolian girls are graceful,elegant and vigorous, and the young fellow are robust ,heroic and muscular? It is said that this has much to do with their life styles which are connected with horse sports,running and pursuing.Further,the important role played by milk tea and milk products in developing their muscles and bones canot be underestimated.
(Briefing on the dietary habit of Mongolians)
Let`s start with milk tea,The host minces the tea and put it in a kettle to boil it .When the kettle starts boiling with a gurgling sound, the host pours the fresh milk into it .Thus the herdsman coming in from a snowstorm will warm up immediately after having such a cup of milk tea. A bowl of milk tea, stir-fried rice ,several piece of a dry milk product and some lamb is regarded as a delicious meal by the ordinary Mongolian herdsman. Milk products include the skin of boiled milk, milk curd, milk wine ,cheese ,butter and so on .The formal meal may be served with meat and a flour-base product.
While you are here on the grassland ,it will be a great pity if you do not try “Shouba Lamb”(boil meat which is eaten using a knife and your hands).The lamb is first cut into big slices and then put into boiling water to cook.When it is half done, you cut it into smaller pieces with the Mongolian knife and eat it .TheMongolian people think that half-done meat contains more nutrients.
(Briefing on Mongolian clothing)
The Mongolian robe is unique to this ethnic group .The robe is often matched with a belt and head decorations.With its high collar and long sleeves ,the robe protects people from mosquitoes .The middle part of the robe is made loose for the convenience of riding horses and is long enough to keep the knees warm. You can find all kinds of clothes here today ,but the robe is the cultural heritage of the Mongolians and has become a symbol of their national conscience and identity.
(Briefing on Mongolian yurta)
You can see mongolian yurta here and there on grassland.But do you know the history and structure of the mongolian yurta?According to the historical records of the Xiongnu,an ancient ethnic group ,their ancestors lived in the Northland long ago .Their living quarters were called yurta. In this sense Mongolians ,as a ethnic group ,can date to 4,000 years ago .So the Mongolian yurta are a symbol of the history of this ethnic group .Now let`s talk about the construction of a yurt are a symbol of the history of this ethnic group, Now let`s talk about the construction of a yurt. Herdsmen first build a round foundation with pieces of stones ,Then they set up the structure with wodden wods and beams linked together with wollen or fur ropes,Lastly ,they cover the structure with animal skins or felt blankets.The ceiling of the yurt is round .With such a structure, the yurt can withstand snowstorms and heavy rainfalls. The door of the yurt is small and down to the ground .The yurt can be easily moved and this is suitable for nomadic life.This accounts for the reason why the structure of the yurt remains unchanged till today .If the Mongolian yurt is seen as the home of the herdsmen, then the “lele”carts can be viewed as their mobile homes. “lele”carts move slowly with big noise. It is hard to tell when the history of “lele”carts began. All the carts are made of birch ,so they will reain in good condition even in wet weather. The wheels of the carts are tall and can easily roll across the uneven roads ,lush bushes ,thick snow and marshes. “lele”carts are indispensable for herdsmen when they move cross snow-covered areas.
(Briefing on Mongolian festivals)
There are a lot of Mogolian festivals held every year on the grassland ,but the most famous one is Nadam,the carnival the grassland .”Nadam”in the Mongolian language means recreation or entertainment .When it comes ,there will be a lot of performances,such as horse racing ,wrestling ,archery and some other special ethnic performances .The Nadam fair is a time-honored festival and was known world wide for 700years ,Nowadays the Nadam fair is often held during the harvest season of the grassland ,either in June or July.During that period ,herdsmen often take the opportunity to sell domestic animals and livestock products and purchasse daily necessilties and livelihood-related goods.Acturally ,the herdsmen have few chances to get together on such a vast grassland ,so Nadam also plays the role of a big trade fair for them ,When we talk about Nadam, we should also talk about offering sacrifice at “Aobao”.”Aobao ”in Mogolian means a pile of rocks or earth. On the vast and endless grassland ,it is hard to tell directions, so people thought of pilling rocks or earth to mark them ,In its long historical development Aobao has become the shrine to offer scrifices to the God of the Mountain and the God of the Road.During the sacrifice –offering ceremony,people insert tree branches into the Aobao and put pieces of colorful cloth or paper flags with written scripture on the branches There are four types of memorial ceremonies ,namely blood,wine,fire and jade .No matter what type it is ,a lama will be invited to butn incenses ,chant scriptures and pray for the blessing of the people and their livestock .Participants will walk around the Aobao clockwise three times.After the ceremony ,the herdmen will not only enjoy horse races,wrestling and archery ,but also singing ,dancing and drinking to their heart`s content .Around that time, young lovers will probably leave the crowd to be in a world of their own.
Dear,distinguished guests,after this tour of this grassland I believe you must have a general idea of how the Mongolian pelple live here and may een feel reluctant to leave the beautiful hulunbeier Grassland .I belive the grassland and its people enjoyed your visit as much as you did and look forward to your next one .
Ladies and Gentlemen,I hope to have another chance to meet you again on this very land ,the Hulunbeier Grassland .Goodbye and good luck.